|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
Age of Pisces 100 BC - 2680  |
Iron Age of Thailand 500 BC - 500 AD |
|
- 79 Codex (book)
- Book binding |
- 105 Cai Lun invents paper in China
- First star chart Ptolemy
- 114 Trajan's Column built. 140 feet high.
- 121 Adrian's Wall was built from Rhine River to Danube River.
- 131 - 216 Claudius Galenus, (Galen) Greek Physician. Wrote 500 books on Medicine & 250 on other subjects.
- 132 Seismeter in China
- 192 Septimius Severus bult a wall at York |
- 200 Camels first used for trans-Saharan transport
- First glasses in Syria
- Compass in China
|
|
- Stirrup China
- Heavy Plow in Slavia
- Anglo Saxon Futhoric alphabet in England
- Armenian Alphabet
- 476 Odoacer overthrows Romulus Augustulus. End of Roman Empire. "Middle Ages" began & rise of feudal system. There was a Feudal Alliance between Odoacer, king of Western Empire & Euric. Euric formally resigned his provinces & received them again as fiefs of Rome.
- 493 Ostrogoths invaded Western Empire under Theodoric Great. One third of lands were given to his 500,000 troops. He married Clovis' sister. Roman or Western Empire came under Ostrogothic monarchy of Italy with capitals at Ravenna & Verona.
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
|
|
|
- 9 Hermann (Arminius) defeats Romans at battle of Teutoberger Wald.
- 43 Aulus Plautius' Roman occupation of Britain
- 60 - 61 Boudica's Uprising wales |
|
- 140 Ashcled (Dublin, Ireland) was built.
- 178 Christian missionaries preached in Britain with success.
- 179 Lucius, first Christian king, ruled in Britain. He founded Archbishopric of York
- 183 Scots invaded Britain |
|
Britannic Empire
286 - 296 10
- Britain Londinium Was a break-away state of Roman Empire. See also Carausian Revolt.
- 286 - 93 7 Carausius
- 293 - 6 3 Allectus |
|
- 373 - 493 St. Patrick
- St. Patrick: Irish Legend 2000 |
Dumnonia 290 - 800
Presumed * from ancestry of later * 340 - 443 |
|
|
Dumnonia 290 - 800
Presumed * from ancestry of later * 340 - 443 |
|
Dyfed
410 - 909 501
- @ SW England 0* |
- 426 There was a total withdrawal of Romans soldiers from Britain when Picts & Scots invaded from north. Saxons were invited over to assist in expelling them & gradually took possession of country. Saxon Heptarchy was formed, & existed until Egbert formed kingdom of England in
- 427 country was called Britain & people were called Britons.
- 432 St. Patrick arrived in Ireland.
Lindsey
440's - 890's
- @ SE England Anglians, Geats descended from Norse Gods. Mentioned in Beowulf's story.
- Geo
- Godulf |
- 449 Hengest & Horsa begin Anglo-Saxon conquest of Britain.
- Viking Queen 1967
Sussex 477 - 772 275
- South Saxons
- 477 - 514 37 Ælle 1st Bretwalda |
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
100 B.C. - 500 A.D. practice of sacrificing/executing people in bogs is carried out regularly in Scandinavia, especially Denmark. |
|
|
- 9 Hermann (Arminius) defeats Romans at battle of Teutoberger Wald.
- 50 first surviving artifact with runes on it, Meldorf Brooch, is made in Denmark. |
- 69 - 70 Revolt of Batavi Holland |
- 98 Tacitus writes Germania, earliest account of culture of Germanic peoples.
|
- 121 Adrian's Wall was built from Rhine River to Danube River. |
- 190 Vandal Tribes increased in power & number.
|
- 245 Seven missionaries enter Gaul.
- 250 Gothic invasion in reign of Decius.
- 251 Romans were defeated at "Abrutum." Decius & his sons were slain by Goths, led by Ostrogotha. |
Gallic empire 260 - 274 14
|
|
Burgundy 1 in Bornholm
300 - 390
-Left after being defeated by Gepids then moved to lower Rhine |
| - 325 - 400 The Goths are converted to Arian Christianity. |
- 378 Goths defeat Romans in East at Battle of Adrianople. |
|
- Various capitals, including Soissons, Paris, Reims, Orléans, Metz & Aachen
- 428 - 48 20 Chlodio Longhair ^ Theudemeres King of Salian Franks
- 448 - 57 9 Merovech ^ King of Salian Franks
- 457 - 81 24 Childeric 1 ^ King Salian Franks
- 481 - 511 30 Clovis 1 ^ King Franks
|
- 406 - 07 A coalition of Germanic tribes cross Rhine into Roman territories & take land for settlement.
- 409 Belgium revolted from Rome & all Germany was in motion for independence.
- 410 Alaric & Goths were in Rome. "Vandal Hordes" of north pour down upon falling Rome.
- 433 immense empire of Huns, under Attila & Bleda, ravaged Europe, sacking & pillaging over 70 cities.
- 436 Huns, encouraged by Roman Emperor Aetius, overrun East Germanic kingdom of Burgundians on Rhine, killing King Gundahari (the historical antecedent for Gunther/Gunnar of Nibelungenlied / Volsunga saga).
- 450 West Germanic tribes living around North Sea (Angles, Saxons, & Frisians) begin to add runes to Elder Futhark to deal with sound changes in their dialects, creating Anglo-Frisian Futhork.
| - 493 - 526 King Theodoric the Great, later a prominent hero in Germanic tales, rules in Rome until his death. |
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rom |
V - Theodosian |
Leonid |
Early Byzantine Empire
330 - 843 |
|
| |
Christian Persecutions 64 - 311 |
|
|
|
P |
L |
A |
C |
E |
A |
S |
T |
H |
P |
A |
S |
E |
V |
Z |
C |
U |
P |
A |
F |
C |
L |
S |
S |
D |
F |
E |
C |
M |
M |
E |
M |
S |
M |
J |
L |
D |
S |
A |
I |
Z |
B |
C |
S |
L |
H |
S |
F |
G |
A |
|
|
Flavian |
|
|
|
14 Emperors Crisis 3rd C |
14 Emperors Constantinian |
Valen |
Theodosian |
9 E
LE |
Roman Empire 27 - 476 |
|
|
|
|
Roman Empire
27 BC - 476
@ 755 BC - 286 AD Rome
- 286 - 402 Milan
- 402 - 476 Ravenna
#C
#E
*
Julio - Claudian House
27 BC - 68 AD
Julian
27 BC - 14 AD
|
- 27 BC - 14 Augustus.
- 14 - 37 Tiberius.
- 37 - 41 Caligula.
- 41 - 54 Claudius.
- 54 - 68 Nero
- 68 - 9 Galba.
- 69 Otho
Flavian Emperors
69 - 96 27 |
- 69 - 79 Vespasian.
- 79 - 81 Titus.
- 81 - 96 Domitian.
|
Popes
- 30 - 67 Peter 37
- 64 - 67 Linus 3
- 77 - 88 Anacletus 11
- 88 - 97 Clement 1 11 |
- 32 John Baptist beheaded.
- 33 Jesus Christ crucified.
| - 52 - 96 New Testament written. Eight authors wrote twenty-seven books |
- 64 - 68 1st Persecution by Nero began
- 81 2nd Persecution by Domitian |
- 68 Apostle Paul martyred.
- Peter & Paul 1981
- 68 Year of four emperors, Roman civil war |
- 70 Titus took Jerusalem with 60,000. 1,100,000 perished. Men crucified until wood for crosses no longer found.
- Masada 1981
Mt. Vesuvius blows 70
- Last Days of Pompeii 1984 1935
- Ultimi giorni di Pompei, Gli 1960 |
- 79 Destruction of Jerusalem. |
- 79 Eruption of Mt. Vesuivius.
- 95 Apostle John banished to Patmos.
- 98 Roman Empire at greatest extent.
|
Roman Empire
27 BC - 476
5 Good Emperors
96 - 180 |
- 96 - 98 2 Nerva.
- Imperium: Augustus 2003
- Empire 2005 -- rise of Octavius (Augustus)
- Caligula 1980
- I, Claudius 1976
- Imperium: Nerone (Nero) 2004
- Quo Vadis 1951
- Sign of Cross 1932
- 98 - 117 19 Trajan. Limit of Empire reached.
- 117 - 38 21 Hadrian. Rebuilt Jerusalem, placing Temple of Jupiter on site of Solomon's Temple. He also visited Britain.
- 138 - 61 23 Antoninus Pius.
- 161 - 80 19 Marcus Aurelius
Commodus 180 - 192 |
He was known as profligate & cruel. In his reign civilization, morals & religion declined. Pertinax proposed reforms & was murdered by Praetorian Guards, of whom Julianus bought throne.
- Fall of Roman Empire 1964
- Gladiator 2000
Severan Dynasty
192 - 235 42 |
- 192 - 211 18 Septimius Severus "Brave man." Visited Britain & built a wall at York & died there. |
- 101 - 106 Trajan's Dacian Wars |
- 106 - 107 3rd Persecution by Trajan
- 162 - 177 4th Persecution by Marcus Aurelius |
- 114 Trajan's Column built. 140 feet high. |
- 121 Hadrian's Wall built from Rhine to Danube Rivers. |
- 131 - 216 Claudius Galenus, (Galen) Greek Physician was born. Wrote 500 books on Medicine & 250 on other subjects. |
- 137 festival of Christmas began to be observed.
| - 150 - 250 Modalism (Monarchianism) Sabellius, Praxeus, Noetus, Paul of Samosata |
- 183 - 213 Oppian, a Greek poet. Wrote 5 books on fishing & 4 books on hunting.
|
Roman Empire
27 BC - 476
- 211 - 18 6 Caracalla
- 217 - 18 1 Macrinus
- 218 - 22 4 Elagabalus "Wanton, extravagant, depraved, & horribly cruel."
- 222 - 35 13 Alexander Severus Made reforms. Murdered.
Crisis of 3rd Century
235 - 84 49 |
- 235 - 37 2 Maximinus
- 238 - 44 6 Gordian 3
- 244 - 49 5 Philip Arab
- 249 - 51 2 Decius
- 251 - 53 2 Trebonianus Gallus
- 253 3 m
Aemilius
- 253 - 660 7 Valerian
- 260 - 75 15 Gallienus
- 268 - 70 2 Claudius
- 270 - 755 5 Aurelian
- Nel Segno di Roma (Sign of Gladiator) 1959
- 275 - 76 6 months Tacitus murdered
- 276 3 months Florianus murdered
- 276 - 82 6 Probus
- 282 - 84 2 Carus
Constantinian Dynasty
284 - 363 79 |
- 284 - 305 21 Diocletian |
Popes
- 199 - 217 18 Zephyrinus
- 217 - 23 6 Callixtus 1
- 223 - 30 7 Urban 1
- 230 - 35 5 Pontian
- 235 - 36 1 Anterus
- 236 - 50 14 Fabian
- 251 - 53 2 Cornelius
- 253 - 54 1 Lucius 1
- 254 - 57 3 Stephen 1
- 257 - 58 1 Sixtus 2
- 259 - 68 9 Dionysus
- 269 - 74 5 Felix 1
- 275 - 83 8 Eutychian
- 283 - 96 13 Caius
- 296 - 304 8 Marcellinus |
- 200 5th Persecution by Severus
- 235 6th Persecution by Maximus
- 250 - 53 7th Persecution by
Decius who proposed to extirpate Christianity from earth by sword & fire, wild beasts, wheel, red-hot iron chairs, & every variety of torture.
- 257 - 60 8th Persecution
- 275 9th Persecution by Aurelian. |
- 249 Gothic invasion in reign of Decius.
- 251 Romans defeated at "Abrutum." Decius & sons slain by Goths, led by Ostrogotha. |
- 253 Valerian taken prisoner by Sapor, ruler of Persia, & flayed. |
- 255 Empire greatly distressed. Barbarians invad on all sides. |
- 263 Vast hordes of Heruli traversed Italy. |
- 286 Roman Empire moves capital from Rome to Ravenna (Milan). |
Roman Empire
27 BC - 476
- 305 - 06 1 Chlorus I Constantius "Constantine Great"
- 305 - 11 6 Galerius Junior Co-Emperor
- 306 - 07 1 Flavius Valerus Severus Junior Co-Emperor
- 306 - 12 6 Maxentius West Emperor
- 311 - 13 2 Maximinus Daia Co West Emperor
- 308 - 24 16 Licinius Emperor
- 306 - 37 31 Constantine Great First "Christian" Emperor. Made Constantinople capital of Rome.
- Constantine & Cross 1962
- 337 Constantine 2
- 337 Constans
- 337 Constantius 2.
- 350 9 m Vetranio
- 360 - 63 3 Julian Publicly abandoned Christianity & adopted paganism.
- 363 - 64 7 m Jovianus
Valentinian House
364 - 92 28 |
- 364 - 75 11 Valentinian I & son Cratian
- 364 - 78 14 Valens Eastern
- 367 - 83 16 Gratian
- 375 - 92 17 Valentinian 2 became ruler of Western Empire of Rome.
Theodosian House
392 - 455 |
- 379 - 95 16 Theodosius 1 became ruler of Eastern Empire of Rome. He began a 4-year campaign against Goths. Pulled down statues of heathen gods. Officially divided Roman Empire into Greek or Eastern Empire with capital at Constantinople, & Roman or Western Empire with capitals at Mediolanum (Milan) & Ravenna. 129 yrs.
|
Popes
- 308 - 09 1 Marcellus 1
- 309 - 10 1 Eusebius
- 311 - 14 3 Miltiades
- 314 - 35 21 Sylvester 1
- 336 1 Mark
- 337 - 52 15 Julius 1
- 352 - 66 14 Liberius
- 366 - 84 18 Damascus
- 384 - 99 15 Siricius
- 399 - 401 2 Anastasius I |
- 302 - 11 10th Persecution. "Era of Martyrs" Or "Diocletian Era." Last & worst of Imperial Rome's persecutions. |
- 312 Edict of Milan ending Christian persecutions.
- 313 Constantine's conversion came by a vision of a luminous cross in sky.
- 325 After being persecuted for almost 200 years Constantine made Church becomes a legal religion, compromise begins to enter.
- First Christian Bible
- Kama Sutra
- 325 Council of Nicea. 1st Ecumenical Council held. It was called by Constantine, Emperor of Rome, & held at Nice, Bithynia. 318 Bishops & 2,048 Ecclesiastics. "Nicene Creed" was formed at this council.
- 381 2nd Council was held at Constantinople from May to July. Three hundred fifty Bishops attended. |
Byzantine Empire
330 - 1453 1123
Early Byzantine Empire
330 - 843 513
Roman Control
305 - 63 58 |
- The "Eastern" or "Byzantine" Empire lasted 1058 years, from 395 A.D. to 1453 A.D. & was ruled by about 90 emperors.
- 305 - 371 Chlorus 1 Constantius "Constantine Great"
- 337 - 61 Constantius 2 second son of Constantine 1 died of illness on campaign
- 361 - 63 Julian "the Apostate"
Non Dynastic
- 363 - 64 Jovian
Valentinian - Theodosian House 364 - 457 93 |
- 364 - 375 11 Valentinian 1 Officer under Julian & Jovian
-
364 - 378 14 Valens brother of Valentinian 1 Killed Battle of Adrianople
- 378 - 79 1 Gratian Son of Valentinian 1
- 379 - 95 16 Theodosius I "the Great" brother-in-law of Gratian
- 395 - 408 13 Arcadius Son of Theodosius 1
- Eastern Roman Empire (Greece, Anatolia, Africa, Palestine, Syria & Italy) Constantinople Term conventionally used since 19th century to describe Greek-speaking Roman Empire during Middle Ages. |
- 331 Heathen temples in Rome were destroyed.
- 361 Julian ruled Rome. He publicly abandoned Christianity & adopted paganism.
- 354 - 430 Saint Augustine
- Agostino d'Ippona 1972 Italian
|
- 370 - 374 The Huns invade Europe from Central Asian steppe. |
- 376 - 382 Gothic War in Balkans |
|
Visigoth 369 - 721 352
Balti (Arianist religion) |
|
Popes
- 401 - 17 16 Innocent 1
- 417 - 181 Zosimus
- 418 - 22 4 Boniface 1
- 422 - 32 10 Celestine I
- 432 - 40 8 Sixtus 3
- 440 - 61 21 Leo 1
- 461 - 68 7 Hilarius
- 468 - 83 15 Simplicius
- 483 - 92 9 Felix 3
- 492 - 96 4 Gelasius 1
- 496 - 98 2 Anastasius 2 |
- 402 Roman Empire moves capital from Mediolanum (Milan) to Ravenna
- 406 Visogothic Spain emerged under Pharamond chief of Frank Tribes.
Roman Empire
27 BC - 476
Theodosian House
392 - 455 63 |
- 395 - 423 28 Honorius
- 423 - 55 31 Valentinian 3
Last Emperors of West
455 - 76 21 |
- 455 1 Petronius Maximus
- 455 - 56 1 Avitus
- 456 - 61 4 Majorian
- 461 - 64 3 Libius Severus
- 467 - 72 5 Anthemius
- 472 - 73 1 Olybrius
- 473 - 74 1 Glycerius
- 474 - 75 & 80 2 Julius Nepos
- 475 - 76 1 Romulus Agustulus
|
Byzantine Empire
330 - 1453 1123
Early Byzantine Empire
330 - 843 513
- 408 - 50 42 Theodosius 2 Son of Arcadius D riding accident
- 450 - 53 3 Pulcheria Daughter of Arcadius, sister of Theodosius 2
- 450 - 57 7 Marcian Soldier, politician, husband of Pulcheria D Gangrene contracted on a journey
Leonid dynasty 457 - 518 61 |
- 457 - 74 17 Leo 1 "the Thracian" Soldier Died of dysentery
- 474 1 Leo 2
- 474 - 75 1 & 76 - 91 1 & 15 Zeno
- 475 - 76 2 Basiliscus
- 491 - 518 27 Anastasius 1
|
- 409 Belgium revolted from Rome & all Germany was in motion for independence.
- 410 Alaric & Goths were in Rome. "Vandal Hordes" of north pour down upon falling Rome.
Galicia 1
410 - 584 174
- (Suebic Kingdom of Galicia) Portugal |
- 426 There was a total withdrawal of Romans soldiers from Britain when Picts & Scots invaded from north. Saxons were invited over to assist in expelling them & gradually took possession of country. Saxon Heptarchy was formed, & existed until Egbert formed kingdom of England in |
- 431 3rd Council held at Ephesus.
- 451 4th Council held at Chalcedon. |
- 432 St. Patrick arrived in Ireland.
- 433 immense empire of Huns, under Attila & Bleda, ravaged Europe, sacking & pillaging over 70 cities.
- Attila invades Roman empire
- 476 Odoacer overthrows Romulus Augustulus. End of Roman Empire. "Middle Ages" began & rise of feudal system. There was a Feudal Alliance between Odoacer, king of Western Empire & Euric. Euric formally resigned his provinces & received them again as fiefs of Rome.
- 493 Ostrogoths invaded Western Empire under Theodoric Great. One third of lands were given to his 500,000 troops. He married Clovis' sister. Roman or Western Empire came under Ostrogothic monarchy of Italy with capitals at Ravenna & Verona.
Ostrogoth
493 - 553 60
- Italy |
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
| |
Bosporan Kingdom Ukraine Turkey 68 - 341 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
Attila Hun 405 - 453
- Attila 1954 2001
- Sign of Pagan 1954 |
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
Kush Kingdom 1070 BC - 350 AD |
|
|
|
| |
Sotho-Tswana people colonize South Africa 200's - 1000's |
|
Djenne Kingdom 200 BC - 1400 |
| |
Expansion of Bantu speakers in Africa 200 - 900 |
|
| |
Aksum 100 - 940 |
|
| |
Anthony of Egypt 251 - 356 |
|
|
|
|
|
Djenne Kingdom
200 BC - 1400
- |
- 10 - 70 Hero of Alexandria |
- 61 Treaty of Samos between Rome & Kush.
Kush Kingdom
1070 BC - 350 AD
|
|
Aksum 100 - 940
- 100 Zoskales "Za Haqala" |
- 90 - 168 Ptolemy |
Aksumite Empire
100 - 940 840
- Ethiopia Axum Succeeded by Ethiopian Empire. |
Kush Kingdom
1070 BC - 350 AD
|
|
- 200 Camels first used for trans-Saharan transport
- 200 - 284 Diophantus
|
| - 200 - 900 Expansion of Bantu speakers in Africa. |
- 250 Kingdom of Axum (Ethiopia) controls Red Sea trade
| - 251 - 356 Anthony of Egypt reputed father of hermit monasticism |
- 290 - 350 Papus of Alexandria |
Kush Kingdom
1070 BC - 350 AD
|
|
- 300 Kingdom of Axum (Ethiopia) accepts Christianity
- 340 Pachomius draws up code of monastic behavior in Luxor, Egypt.
Makuria
350 - 1276, 1286 - 1317
- |
- 370 - 415 Hypatia of Alexandria
|
|
Axum 100 - 900
- 400 Eon Huina from Book of Himyarites
- 400's Ebana
- 400's Nezool"Nezana" |
- 450 Rise of Ghana in West Africa |
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
|
|
- 48 Chinese drove Hsiung-nu out of China
- Hsiung-nu Empire dissolves.
- 50 Kujula Kadphises unites Yüeh-chih to establish Kushan Empire, stretching from Persia to Transoxiana to Upper Indus.
- Xianbei (mounted archers) invade north China
Khotan
56 - 1006 950
- 0* |
- 58 - 63 Roman-Parthian War over Armenia |
Bosporan Kingdom
68 - 341
- Ukraine Turkey |
- 97 Chinese armies reach Caspian Sea. |
|
- 200's decline of Kushan & Parthian Empires & incorporation of Soghd & Bactria into Persia under Sassanian dynasty.
- 226 Sassanians overthrow Parthians in Persia.
|
- 300's Mongolian Juan-juan Empire is formed in Mongolia.
- 350 Chinese repelled an invasion by Ruruan (Juan-Juan), who in turn drove Hsiung-nu west toward Ural Mountains & Caspian Sea
- turkic-speaking Huns move west towards Europe, settling in plains between Ural & Carpathian mountains
- 370 Huns invade Europe from Central Asian steppe.
Hunnic Empire 370 - 469
- Eurasia No capital 199 yrs |
|
- 440 Hephthalites (White Huns, later known in West as Avars) move south from Altai region to occupy Transoxiana, Bactria, Khurasan, & eastern Persia.
- 450 mongolian Ruruan (Juan-Juan) empire controlled territories from Manchuria to lake Balkas
- 451 Attila invades Roman empire
- 460 Hephthalites conquer Kushans & invade India. |
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
|
 Angola |
 Burundi |
 Rwanda |
 Zaire |
 Congo |
 Gabon |
 ST & Princ |
 CAF |
 Cameroon |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
m |
o |
v |
Arta 2 |
t |
c |
G2 |
Vol1 |
Vol2 |
Os1 |
v3 |
V4 |
v5 |
V6
|
Parthian Empire 227 BC - 224 AD |
|
Ard |
Shap |
|
b1 |
Ba2 |
|
N |
h |
Shapur 2 |
|
B |
Ya1 |
B |
Ya2 |
|
Per |
|
K |
|
Sassanian Empire 224 - 651 |
|
|
|
- 6 BC - 33 John Babtist
- Salome 1953
Middle Persian Empire
247 BC - 670 AD
- |
Jesus Christ 6 BC - 33
- Passion of Christ 2004
- Jesus 1979
- Mary & Joseph 1979
- Jesus of Nazareth 1977
- Greatest Story Ever Told 1965
- King of Kings 1961
- Barabbas 1961
- Ben-Hur 1959
- Robe 1953 |
- 6 Archelaus Coponius became Procurator of Jews.
- 9 Ambivius became Procurator of Jews.
- 13 Annius Rufus became Procurator of Jews.
- 15 Valerius Gratus became Procurator of Jews.
- 25 Pontius Pilate became Procurator of Jews.
- 37 Agrippa became King of Jews.
- 44 Cuspius became Procurator of Jews.
- Tiberius became Procurator of Jews.
- Cumanus became Procurator of Jews.
- 50 First Council of Apostles held at Jerusalem.
- 52 Felix became ruler of Jews. New Testament began.
- 60 Portins Festus became ruler of Jews.
- 66 - 70 first Jewish-Roman War (aka Great Jewish Revolt)
- 70 Titus took Jerusalem with an army of 60,000. This was most horrible suffering experienced since world began. One million, one hundred thousand perished. Men were crucified until wood for crosses was no longer found. |
- 95 apostle John was banished to Patmos. |
- 100 Justin Martyr was born at Sychar in Samaria.
Araba 100's
- Middle East 0*
|
- 115 - 117 Trajan' s invasion on Parthian Empire, Second Jewish-Roman War |
- 117 Adrian became Emperor of Rome. He rebuilt Jerusalem, placing Temple of Jupiter on site of Solomon's Temple. He also visited Britain.
- 132 - 135 Third Jewish-Roman War (aka Bar Kokhba's revolt) |
- 161 - 166 Parthian war of Lucius Verus |
- 193 - 199 Parthian war of Septimius Severus |
|
- 215 - 217 Parthian war of Caracalla |
Sassanian 224 - 651 427
- Persia 4 @ Ardashir-Khwarrah &Ctesiphon, Iraq, Middle Persian,  7,400,000 km2
- 224 - 41 17 Ardashir 1
- 241 - 72 31 Shapur 1
- 272 - 3 1 Hormizd 1
- 273 - 6 3 Bahram 1
- 276 - 93 17 Bahram 2
- 293 Bahram 3
- 293 - 302 9 Narseh |
- 220 Persia revolted & overthrew Parthia. |
- 240 Sapor became ruler of Persia. He defeated Romans & flayed Valerian.
Palmyrene
260 - 273 13
- Syria Palmyra 13 Broke off from Roman Empire during Crisis of Third Century.
|
- 272 - 274 Palmyrene War of Aurelian Syria |
|
Sassanian 224 - 651 427
- 302 - 9 7 Hormizd 2
- 309 - 79 70 Shapur 2
- 379 - 83 4 Ardashir 2
- 383 - 8 5 Shapur 3
- 388 - 99 11 Bahram 4
- 399 - 420 41 Yazdgard 1
|
|
Sassanian 224 - 651 427
- 420 - 38 18 Bahram V
- 438 - 57 19 Yazdgard 2
- 457 - 59 2 Hormizd 3
- 459 - 84 25 Peroz
- 484 - 8 Balash
- 488 - 97 9 Kavad I
- 497 - 9 2 Zamasp |
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
|
v |
v |
g |
m |
b |
k |
c |
k |
s |
v |
a |
s |
v |
s |
s |
g |
j |
m |
s |
j |
b |
u |
m |
s |
c |
m |
Lambakanna 1 House 66 - 436 |
|
|
Anuradhapura Kingdom Sri Lanka 377 BC - 1017 |
| |
|
Early Pandyan Kingdom 300 - 1345 |
|
Satavahana Empire 230 BC - 220 AD |
|
|
|
Kadamba Kingdom 345 - 525 |
|
| |
|
Kalabhras Dynasty 250 - 600 |
|
| |
|
|
The Vatsagulma branch 330 - 500 |
|
| |
|
Rudra |
Prith |
R |
Div |
Damod |
Nar |
Prith |
The Pravarapura-Nandivardhana branch |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
n |
|
|
R |
D |
j |
|
i |
R |
j |
|
s |
|
D |
v |
y |
V |
d |
r |
v |
|
|
|
|
|
|
s |
R |
R |
? |
|
|
|
| |
c |
j |
ru |
|
d |
j |
r |
i |
r |
j |
r |
s |
d |
d |
v |
y |
v |
d |
r |
v |
b |
v |
r |
y |
r |
r |
s |
r |
r |
Bhadramukhas or Kardamaka Kingdom 120 - 395 |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
Gupta Empire India 240 - 550 |
|
| |
|
Western Ganga Dynasty 350 - 1000 |
|
| |
|
Push |
Samu |
Bala |
Kaly |
Gana |
Ma |
? |
Varman House 350 - 650 |
Kamarupa Bangladesh 300's - 1100's |
|
|
|
Indo-Parthia 20 BC - 100 AD
|
Pandyan Empire @ Madurai
00's - 1300's 1300
Considered by contemporary historians as being richest country in world. |
Indo-Parthia
12 BC - 100 AD 112
- |
Anuradhapura Kingdom
377 BC - 1017 AD
|
|
Paratarajas 125 - 300
- 125 - 50 25 Yolamira, son of Bagareva
- 150 Bagamira, son of Yolamira
- 150 - 60 10 Arjuna, a second son of Yolamira
- 160 - 75 15 Hvaramira, a third son of Yolamira
- 175 - 85 10 Mirahvara, son of Hvaramira
- 185 - 200 15 Miratakhma, another son of Hvaramira |
Anuradhapura Kingdom Sri Lanka 377 BC - 1017
|
|
Vakataka dynasty
250 - 330
- 250 - 270 Vindhyasakti
- 270 - 330 Pravarasena 1 |
Kalabhras Dynasty
250 - 600
-
0* |
Paratarajas 125 - 300
- 200 - 20 Kozana, son of Bagavharna (and perhaps grandson of Bagamira?)
- 220 - 35 Bhimarjuna, son of Yolatakhma (and perhaps grandson of Arjuna?)
- 235 - 65 Koziya, son of Kozana
- 265 - 80 Datarvharna, son of Datayola I (and perhaps grandson of Bhimarjuna?)
- 280 - 300 Datayola 2, son of Datarvharna
|
Anuradhapura Kingdom 377 BC - 1017
|
|
Early Pandyan Kingdom 300 - 1345
Sangam age Partial list
- Koon Pandiyan
- Nedunj Cheliyan 1 ( Aariyap Padai Kadantha Nedunj Cheliyan )
- Pudappandiyan
- Mudukudumi Paruvaludhi
- Nedunj Cheliyan 2 |
Western Ganga Dynasty 350 - 1000
- 350 - 70 20 Konganivarman Madhava
- 370 - 90 20 Madhava
- 390 - 410 20 Harivarman |
@ Assam Bangladesh
- 350 - 74 Pushyavarman
- 374 - 98 Samudravarman |
Pravarapura -Nandivardhana
330 - 480 150 |
- 330 - 355 25 Rudrasena 1
- 355 - 380 25 Prithvisena 1
- 380 - 385 5 Rudrasena 2
- 385 - 400 15 Divakarasena |
Vatsagulma
330 - 500 170
- 330 - 355 Sarvasena
- 355 - 400 Vindhyasena (Vindhyashakti 2) |
Anuradhapura 377 BC - 1017
|
|
Hephthalite Empire
420 - 567 147
- Afghanistan Kabul 0* |
- 415 - 35 20 Raghu
- 435 - 55 20 Kakusthavarma
- 455 - 60 5 Santivarma
- 460 - 80 20 Mrigeshavarma
- 480 - 5 5 Shivamandhativarma
- 485 - 519 44
- Ravivarma
|
Vishnukundina Empire
420 - 624
- Indra Varma last quarter of fourth century
- 461 - 508 47 Madhav Varma |
Rai Dynasty 489 - 632 143
- Rai Diwaji (Devaditya) He was a powerful chief who forged alliances & extended his rule east of Makran & west of Kashmir & Kannauj, south to port of Surat & north to Kandahar.
- Rai Sahiras (Shri Harsha)
- Rai Sahasi (Sinhasena)
- Rai Sahiras 2
- Died battling King of Nimroz
- Rai Sahasi 2
succeeded by brahmans
|
Early Pandyan 300 - 1345
- Nan Maran
- Nedunj Cheliyan 3 ( Talaiyaalanganathu Seruvendra Nedunj Cheliyan )
- Maran Valudi
- Kadalan valuthi
- Musiri Mutriya Cheliyan
- Kadalul Maintha Ukkirap Peruvaludi
|
Vatsagulma
330 - 500 170
- 400 - 15 15 Pravarasena 2
- 415 - 50 35 Unknown
- 450 - 75 25 Devasena
- 475 - 500 25 Harishena |
Pravarapura -Nandivardhana
330 - 480 150 |
- 385 - 405 20 Prabhavatigupta (fem.), Regent
- 400 - 40 40 Damodarasena (Pravarasena 2)
- 440 - 60 20 Narendrasena
- 460 - 80 20 Prithvishena 2 |
Western Ganga 350 - 1000
- 410 - 30 20 Vishnugopa
- 430 - 69 39 Madhava 3 Tandangala
- 469 - 529 60 Avinita |
Anuradhapura 377 BC - 1017
|
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
| |
Pan Pan Kingdom Malasia 200's - 400's |
|
| |
Gangga Negara Kingdom Malasia 100's - 1000's |
|
| |
Hùnt |
Hùnp |
Pán |
Fàns |
Fànj |
Fànz |
FànCh |
|
Fàn |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funan Kingdom Malasia 68 - 550 |
|
Pyu City - states Burma 100 BC - 832
|
Hong Bang Dynasty Vietnam 257 BC - 1750 |
| |
Champa Kingdom Vietnam 192 - 1883 |
|
| |
|
|
Taramanagara Indonesia 358 - 669 |
|
|
|
Trung Sisters 40 - 43 3
- Of Vietnam |
2nd Chinese Domination of Vietnam 43 - 544
-
|
Funan kingdom 68 - 550
- 68 - 95 27 Angkor Borei, Oc Eo. Trade links with Rome, Ancient Near East, India, China
- 95 - 120 25 Liǔyè |
Pyu City - states of Burma 100 BC - 832
-
|
|
Gangga Negara Kingdom
100's - 1000's 900
- Of Malasia Gangga Negara Kingdom 0* |
Champa Kingdom
192 - 1883
1st House 192 - 336
- Vietnam
- 192 - ? Ou Lian Sri Mara
|
Funan kingdom 68 - 550
- 120 - 150 30 Hùntián
- 150 - 175 25 Hùnpánhuáng
- 175 - 200 25 Pánpán
|
|
Pan Pan Kingdom
200's - 400's
- of Malasia 0* |
Champa Kingdom
192 - 1883 1691
1st House 192 - 336
- ?
- ?
- 270 - 284 14 Fan Xiong
|
Funan kingdom
68 - 550 482
- 200 - 230 30 Fàn Shīmàn
- 230 - 243 13 Fàn Jīnshēng
- 243 - 245 2 Fàn Zhān
- 245 - 287 42 Fàn Cháng
|
|
Taramanagara Kingdom of Indonesia 358 - 669
Buddhist & Hindu influences via trading states.
- 358 - 382 24 Maharshi Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman
- 382 - 395 15 Dharmayawarman
|
Melayu Kingdom
300's - 1200's
- Sumatra |
Funan kingdom 68 - 550
- 390's Fàn Xún
- ?
- 357 Zhāntán
- letter 4th century Candana
|
|
Taramanagara Kingdom of Indonesia 358 - 669
- 395 - 434 39 Purnawarman held control over 48 small kingdoms
- 434 - 455 21 Wisnuwarman
- 455 - 515 20 Indrawarman
|
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
| |
|
Kingdom of Khotan 56 - 1006 |
|
| |
|
|
Rouran Khaganate Inner China 330 - 555 275 |
|
Yayoi Period Japan 300 - 250 AD |
|
Kofun Period Japan 250 - 538 |
|
| |
|
Tuyuhun Kingdom 285 - 670 |
|
Silla Kingdom Korea 57 BC - 935 |
Goguryeo Kingdom Korea 37 BC - 668 |
Gaya Kingdom Korea 42 BC - 562 |
Baekje Kingdom Korea 18 BC - 660 |
Buyeo Kingdom 100's BC - 494 AD |
|
|
| |
|
|
16 Kingdoms China 304 - 439 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Dynasties China
|
|
H |
|
Eastern Han China 25 - 220 |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Jin Kingdom China 265 - 420 |
|
|
|
|
 Japan |
|
|
|
|
|
Buyeo
100's BC - 494
- @ Manchuria.
Buk Buyeo
100's BC - 22 AD 132 |
- 7 BC - 22 AD Aeso
- 22 - ? King of Galsa
- ? - 68 Dodu
|
- 17 - 27 Chimei war China |
- 48 Chinese drove Hsiung-nu out of China
- Hsiung-nu Empire dissolves.
|
- 97 Chinese armies reach Caspian Sea. |
West Han
206 BC - 9 AD 215
- 1 BC - 5 AD Liu Kan Ping Di
- 6 - 8 Liu Ying Ruzi Ying
|
|
- 105 Cai Lun invents paper
- 184 - 205 Yellow Turban Rebellion in China |
- 190 - 191 1 Campaign against Dong Zhuo in China - A War of Three Kingdoms |
- 194 - 199 5 Sun Ce's Conquest of Wu in China - A War of Three Kingdoms |
|
- 210 Burial of Terracotta Army
- 248 Lady Trieus rebelion
- 265 - 316 Western Jin
- 220 - 65 War of Three Kingdoms in China |
- 228 - 34 Northern Expeditions of Zhuge Liang in China |
- 247 - 62 Jiang Wei's Northern Expeditions in China- A War of Three Kingdoms |
Jin
265 - 420 155
- 265 - 311 @ Luoyang, Chang'an
- 312 - 6 @ Jiankang
- 317 - 420 Subdivided into two dynasties.
West Jìn
265 - 316
- 265 - 90 Sima Yan Wu Di
- 290 - 307 Sima Zhong Hui Di |
- 291 - 306 War of Eight Princes in China |
|
- 316 - 589 Civil Wars in China triggered by Wu Hu Invasion, lasted until 589 by Southern & Northern Dynasties |
Buyeo 100's BC - 494
- ?
- ? - 346 Hyeon
- ? - 384 Yeoul |
|
Pyongyang
413 - 668
- 413 - 490 Georyeon Goryeon Jangsu
- 491 - 519 Na-un Go-un Munjamyeong |
Buyeo 100's BC - 494
- ?
- ? - 494 Jan |
Southern & Northern Dynasties 420 - 588
|
East Jin
317 - 420 103
- 396 - 419 23 Sima Dezong An Di
- 419 - 420 1 Sima Dewen Gong Di
- 304 - 439 16 Kingdoms (16 States) |
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
| |
Altun Ha Culture 200 - 900 |
|
Zapotec civilization Oaxaca Valley Mexico 400 - 1521 1121 |
Early Teotihuacan 200 BC - 300 |
|
Teotihuacano Empire 300 - 600s/700s |
|
|
Mexico |
United States of America |
Canada |
|
- 967 - ? "Snake Spine"? (legendary? - Olmec?)
- 100 Pyramid of Sun completed at Teotihuacan |
- 100 decline of Olmecs.
|
|
|
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
5000 year long Mayan age |
| |
Yax |
? |
f |
Ki |
Si |
Un |
K'inich |
Chak |
Yax |
? |
Siyaj |
Kan |
Cha |
|
Late Preclassic Maya 300 B.C. - A.D. 250 |
|
Early Classic Maya 250 - 600 |
|
|
Central: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carribean: |
|
|
  Lucayan Archipelago |
|
|
- 50 Maya city of Cerros is built, with a complex of temples & ball courts. It is abandoned (for reasons unknown) a hundred years later & its people return to fishing & farming.
- 90 - ? Yax Ehb' Xook, Yax Moch Xok, Yax Chakte'l Xok, First Scaffold Shark
|
|
|
Altun Ha Culture
200 - 900
- Belize |
Tikal 90 - 899 809
- 292 Foliated Jaguar
- 292 - 307 16 Animal Headdress, Kinich Ehb' |
|
Tikal 90 - 899 809
- 307 - 317 Siyaj Chan K'awiil I
- 317 Lady Une' B'alam
- 317 - 359 K'inich Muwaan Jol I, Mahk'ina Bird Skull, Feather Skull
- 359 - 79 Chak Tok Ich'aak I, Jaguar Paw, Great Paw, Great Jaguar Paw
- 379 - 404 Yax Nuun Ayiin I, Curl Snout, Curl Nose |
|
- 400 Maya highlands fall under domination of Teotihuacan, & disintegration of Maya culture & language begins in some parts of highlands.
Tikal 90 - 899 809
- 404 - 411 ?
- 411 - 56 45 Siyaj Chan K'awiil 2, Stormy Sky, Manikin Cleft Sky
- 458 - 86 28 Kan Chitam, Kan Boar, K'an Ak
- 486 - 508 22 Chak Tok Ich'aak 2, Jaguar Paw 2, Jaguar Paw Skull |
|
|
100's |
200's |
300's |
400's |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 Columbia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Lithuania
Latvia
Estonia
Finland
Sweden
Norway
Denmark 
UK 
Ireland
Iceland
Austria
Germany
Liechtenstein
Switzerland
Monaco
France
Luxembourg
Belgium
Netherlands
Slovenia
Malta
Vatican City
San Marino
Italy
Andorra
Spain
Portugal
Turkey
Greece
Macedonia
Serbia
Montenegro
Albania
Bosnia & Herzegovina
Croatia
Russia
Bulgaria
Moldova
Romania
Ukraine
Belarus
Hungary
Slovakia
Czech Rep
Poland
Sudan
Egypt
Libya
Tunisia
Algeria
Morocco
Ethiopia
Eritrea
Djibouti
Somalia
Mauritius
Seychelles
Comoros
Tanzania
Malawi
Kenya
Uganda
Liberia
Sierra Leone 
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Gambia 
Senegal
Mauritania
Cape Verde
Nigeria
Niger
Benin
Togo
Ghana
Burkina Faso
Cote d'Ivoire
Mali
Chad
Swaziland
Lesotho
South Africa
Madagascar
Mozambique
Zimbabwe
Botswana
Namibia
Zambia
Armenia
Georgia
Jordan
Palestine
Israel
Lebanon
Cyprus
Oman
Yemen
UAE 
Qatar
Bahrain
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
Iraq
Azerbaijan
Tajikistan
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Turkmenistan
Kazakhstan
Maldives
Sri Lanka
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Nepal
India
Pakistan
Afghanistan
Iran
East Timor
Philippines
Brunei
Indonesia
Singapore
Malaysia
Vietnam
Cambodia
Laos
Thailand
Myanmar
Taiwan
South Korea
North Korea
Mongolia
China
Vanuatu
Solomon
Papau New Guinea
Kiribati
Marshall
Nauru
Micronesia 
Palau
New Zealand
Australia
Tonga
Samoa
Tuvalu
Fiji
Panama
Costa Rica
Nicaragua
Honduras
El Salvador
Belize
Guatemala
Lesser Antilles
Greater Antilles
Peru
Ecuador
Suriname
Guyana
Venezuela
Falkland Islands
Uruguay
Paraguay
Argentina
Chile
Bolivia
Brazil