Directions: Choose the best answer for each question. You should take 12 minutes to finish this test.

When you finish, you see an estimate of your score. Easy questions are worth one point, medium questions are worth two points, difficult questions are worth three points. The maximum score on this test is 36. The score that you see on this test will probably be lower than your real TOEFL grammar score--we thought it would be better to underestimate your score than overestimate it!

1. Narwhals, small arctic whales, are interesting in that they have single tusk, rather than two like most other mammals having tusks.

A. Narwhals
B. in that
C. single tusk
D. having tusks

2. While their name implication that they are whales, pilot whales are actually dolphins.

A. While their
B. implication
C. that they
D. are

3. Another misnomer is the so-called "sperm whale," ______ the liquid contained in its head, called spermaceti.

A. whose name comes
B. whose name comes from
C. which name comes from
D. whose name come

4. This toothed whale has a large, square head with ______ the so-called spermaceti.

A. cavity containing
B. cavity to contain
C. the cavity for containing
D. a cavity that contains

5. This waxy, pearly solid is ______ and was once used as a fuel.

A. used chiefly in cosmetics
B. the chief cosmetic
C. chiefly cosmetic
D. using cosmetics

6. The so-called "sperm oil" is a water-insoluble liquid that is used for a lubricant.

A. so-called
B. a
C. that is
D. for

7. Canaries used to be used in mines to detect odorless, colorless, and poisonous gas--when the canary died, ______ was present.

A. to mean poisonous gas
B. it meant that poisonous gas
C. meaning the poisonous gas
D. the poisonous gas meant it

8. Linguists believe that the clicking and squeaking of porpoises ______ of larynxes is actually a form of communication.

A. are thinking indication
B. that once thought to be indicative
C. once thinking indication
D. once thought to be indicative

9. Pilot whales have big, round, bulbous head and are members of the dolphin family.

A. have
B. bulbous head
C. are members
D. of

10. Also known for orcinus orca, the killer whale is a predatory member of the dolphin family.

A. known for
B. is
C. predatory member
D. the

11. The large-headed, toothed, sperm whale has a large, square head with a cavity ______.

A. to holding sperm oil
B. held sperm oil
C. that holds sperm oil
D. to hold a sperm oil

12. The remarkable progress made in the efforts to eradicate polio from the face of the earth ______ because of cooperation among various nations.

A. largely is possible
B. being possible largely
C. been largely possible
D. has been possible largely

13. The kitchens of many dormitories are common area and can be used by all residents of the dormitory.

A. many
B. common area
C. can be used
D. by

14. Price of a new car can run anywhere from around $11,500 to $1 million or more.

A. Price
B. can run
C. up to
D. or more

15. Many mountain animals have hooves more ______ than similar animals living on land.

A. develop
B. developing
C. developed
D. to develop

16. Many American tea kettles whistle when the ______ starts to boil.

A. containing water inside Magic Explanation
B. water contained inside
C. water containing inside
D. contain water

17. The great white shark earned nickname 'man eating shark' from its tendency to attack and maim human swimmers.

A. nickname
B. from
C. to attack
D. human swimmers

18. The loyalty of dogs to their masters has earned ______ 'man's best friend.'

A. the nickname of
B. them the nickname
C. a nickname
D. nicknames

19. ______, the homing pigeon is now extinct.

A. To be abundant
B. It is abundant
C. Once abundant
D. In abundance

20. Composed over 99% of the studied universe, hydrogen is by far the most abundant element in the known universe.

A. Composed
B. by far
C. the most abundant
D. known universe