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GAELIC is an Indo-European language spoken in Scotland (UK) and Ireland- banshee woman of the fairy mound Figure from Irish myth. bard poet Shakespere is often called "the bard of Stratford". blarney One of many literary terms from Gaelic. bog soft One of many geographical terms from Gaelic. bother trouble Used in London slang. brat Badly behaved child. brisk lively, stimulatingbrogue Rough shoe. caddy One of many sporting terms in Gaelic. cairn Memorial made of stones. clan children claymore great sword crag steep rough rock dour sullen dune heap gab As in "the gift of the gab" (a good talker). galore plenty glamour alluring charm glen valley gob Used in London slang for "mouth" or "spit". golf game played on outside course with clubs and a small bat hooligan noisy, violent person keen sharp, excellent, intense Kent white English county. lashings abundance moniker name Used in UK slang. pet tame animal, favoured Used as a term of endearment in the UK. phoney false, fraudulent pillion cushion A seat on a motorbike behind the driver. pony young horse puck Ice hockey term. shamrock four leaf clover shanty old house As in "shanty town". slob slovenly slogan motto smashing that is good Used extensively in the UK. smidgen very small amount smithereens little bits sporran purse Worn in front of a kilt in Scotland (UK). spunk Has different meanings in UK and USA. Strontium A metallic chemical element. swap trade Tory outlaw Used as a nickname for the Conservative (political) Party in the UK . trousers Used in the UK - in the USA "trousars" are called "pants". twig understand Used in the UK. whisky water

GAULISH is an extinct Indo-European language spoken in pre-Roman France- ambassador drive around beak bill or nose of bird Bohemia Central European Region. briar, brier Prickly wild rose. bulge hold-all bushel A unit of volume (= 3.637 × 10-2 m3 in UK; = 3.531 × 10-2 m3 in USA). car auto carpenter wheel maker carriage wheeled vehicle pulled by horse cat feline cream fatty part of milk DruidCeltic religious sect. furore From Celtic battle cry. garter leg lawn open space between woods league A distance of three miles (7.4 km). leaven produce fermentation muzzle mouth of firearem, animal's jaws Paris French city named after a Celtic tribe. quay landing beside water truant beggar In UK used to denote missing school or work ("playing hookey" in USA). warren fenced area

GERMAN is an Indo-European language spoken in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Central Europe- angst feeling of dread, anxiety, or anguish Austria from "Oster Reich", eastern empire European country. Bismuth white mass Metallic chemical element. One of many chemical terms from German. blitz swift, violent war, waged by surprise brake bridle Originally applied to stopping horses. clock device for telling time clown comic performer dachshund A type of dog. dollar Named after its plaCe of origin. Dutch People and language from the Netherlands. edelweiss An Alpine plant. feldspar One of many geological terms from German. flak hamburger Named after its city of origin. heroin illegal morphine-like drug hex cast spell on, bring bad luck to hinterland area remote from cities kindergarten children's garden School for very young children. lager Lager in the UK is equivalent to beer in the USA. Beer in the UK is stronger. larch A type of tree. luck chance, good fortune menthol colorless alcohol from peppermint oil muffin One of many cake, pastry, snack words from German. nickel Named after the Devil (Old Nick). noodle thin strip of dough cooked in soup plunder rob, act of plundering poodle A type of dog. pretzel A snack eaten in the USA. quartz A type of rock. rapier slender sword rocket tube propelled by discharge from gases from it rub apply pressure to in cleaning rucksack knapsack sauerkraut chopped fermented cabbage scoop small deep shovel schadenfreude taking delight in the misfortunes of others Used in the UK. shirk scoundrel A person who avoids work or responsibility. sling strap-like device for slinging stones snorkel tube through which swimmer can breathe while under water sod turf Used as a swear word in England (UK). stroll wander strudel Pastry with apples. swindle cheat, defraud tackle apparatus As in "fishing tackle" (UK). vandal Named after a warlike Germanic tribe. veneer overlay with thin sheets of fine wood vitamin food element essential in small quantities to maintain life waltz A dance. waylay ambush Yiddish Jewish A dialect of German spoken by the Jewish community. yodel sing with quick changes to and from falsetto

GREEK is an Indo-European language spoken in Greece, Cyprus, Middle East and Northern Egypt- academy One of many educational and sporting words from Greek. acrobat walking on tiptoe alphabet The names of the first two Greek letters, alpha and beta. amazon A mythical tribe of females. amnesia without memory The letter A at the beginning of a word means "without". anonymous without name antipodes opposite feet The region of the Earth beneith one's feet. anthropo- man As in "anthropology" (study of man). anti- opposite As in "antimatter". aracno- spider As in "arachnophobia" (fear of spiders). aristocrat best ruler One of many social and political words from Greek. asbestos athlete contender for prize attic Part of a temple. Australia southern Southern hemisphere country. auto- self As in "automatic". barbarian To the Greeks, foreign languages sounded like "bar bar bar". bar- weight As in "barometer", measure weight (of air). bishop One of many words in the Christian religion from Greek. buffalo An animal. bio- life As in "biology" (study life). canopy mosquito net cathedral seat catholic universal cemetery dormitory ceramic choreo- dance As in "chorography" (write dance). chorus dance A group on a stage that sing or dance. One of many dramatical or theatrical words from Greek. Christ anointed chrono- time As in "chronology" cosmos all, everyone crocodile A large reptile. cryo- cold As in "cryogenics" (create cold). crypto- hidden As in "cryptology" (study the hidden). gas "Krypton" is from the same root. cynic person who doubts or lacks goodness of motive democracy state of the people dinosaur terrible lizard diploma folded in two dogma system of beleifs drama story acted on stage echo sound reverberated off of serfices economy manage a house ego- I As in "egocentric" (centred on self). Egypt North African country. epitaph over the tomb Ethiopia hot face East African country. Eucharist thanks Christian ceremony of giving thanks. Exodus going out, exit One of the books of the Christian holy book, the Bible. genesis beginning geo- earth As in "geography" (write about the Earth). -gram letter As in "telegram" (far letter). -graph writing As in "biography" (life writing). gymnasium place for physical excersice gynae woman As in "gynaecology" (study woman). gypsy From the same root as "Egypt". helicopter spiral wing helio- sun As in "helioscope" (see the Sun). hemi half As in "hemisphere" (half a sphere). hero man admired for bravery, main character in story hetero different As in "heterosexual" (different sex). hippopotamus river horse history The same root as "story". holocaust entirely burnt horizon hydro water As in "hydrolic", worked by water. idea conception in mind, thought India The same root as Hindi, Hindu, Indus, and Sind. isotope same place Istanbul in the town City in Turkey. kilo- thousand As in "kilogram" (a thousand grams). litho stone As in "lithograph" (writing on stone). logarithm account, addition -logy study As in "geology" (Earth study). marathon Named after a battleground from where a messenger ran 26 miles (42 km). mathematics something learnt martyr meander From a winding river now in Turkey. mechanic skilled worker with machinary mega- big As in "megastore". melody arrangement of musical sounds Mesopotamia between the rivers Ancient region now part of Iraq. -meter measure As in "thermometer" (measure heat). method pursuit of knowledge metropolis mother city micro- small As in "microscope" (see small). mime pantomimist, clown monarch alone moron stupid museum home of the muses myopia Short sighted. myriad, mystery secret ceremony Naples new city City in Italy. The same root as the Palestinian city, "Nablus". nemesis cause of one's downfall, enemy neural nerve -nomy laws As in "astronomy" (star laws). nous mind obelisk tapering, four-side monumental pillar ocean large body of salt water covering much of Earth Olympic international sporting event orphan children without parents ostracize Named after pieces of pottery on which the names of people to be exiled were written. paleo- old As in "paleontology", study old (fossils). pandemonium abode of all devils panic terror induced by the god Pan panorama view in all directions paranoia distracted -philia friend As in "necrophilia" (friend of death). philo- friend As in "philosophy" (friend of wisdom). - phobia fear As in "arachnophobia" (fear of spiders). -phone voice As in "telephone" (far voice). phono- voice As in "phonetics".photo- light As in "photograph" (light writing). Pluto God of death; ninth planet. poly- many As in "polygon", a many sided figure. programme public written noticeprophet person who speaks for god, person who sees into the future psalm sacred song psycho- spirit As in "psychology" (study the spirit). pygmy dwarf pylon tall thin structure pyramid solid with traigular sides meeting in point python A large snake. rhinoceros horned nose rhythm movement with uniformly recurring beat sarcasm speak bitterly scene tent, stage -scope see As in "telescope" (see far). seismic shaking siphon pipe skeleton dried up sporadic scattered seeds stethoscope see the chest stigma mark strategy military general sycophant show figs symphony same sound synopsis same view syntax same arrangement tele- far As in "telephone" (far voice), "telescope" (seeing far). theater, theatre building for dramatic presentations theory contemplation therm- heat As in "thermometer" (measure heat). thesaurus book of synonyms and antonymsthesis proposition to be proved thorax part of body between neck and abdomen toxic arrow Poisoned arrows were used in warfare. tragedy serious drama with unhappy ending tripod three feet tyrant oppresive, unjust, or absolute ruler Uranus The seventh planet. xeno- stranger As in "xenophobia" (fear of strangers).

GUARANI is an Andean-Equatorial language spoken in Paraguay and Southern Brazil- cougar A carniverous South American cat. jaguar A large carniverous spotted South American cat. Paraguay South American country.

GUJERATI an Indo-European language spoken in Gujerat state in Western India- tank water well

GUUGI-YIMMINDER is a language spoken in Australia- kangaroo A large Australian marsupial mammal.

HEBREW is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in Israel- The language became extinct except for religous services and has been revived for the modern state of Israel where it is called Ivrit.abacus Device for calculating. amen so be it One of many religious words from Hebrew. bedlam scene of loud confusion behemoth huge cider An apple drink. cinnamon brown spice from bark of asian tree coral pebble elephant large African mammal gauze transparent fabricgopher A type of wood. hallelujah preys ye the Lord! Israel Middle Eastern country. Jew A believer of Judaism. jockey horse racer jot quick drawing jubilee ram's horn Horns were used as trumpets during celebrations. jug container for holding liquid kibbutz gathering Communial settlement in Israel. kosher proper Applies to food that is fit for a Jew to to eat. leviathan something of immense size or power manna A mythical food from heaven. maudlin weakly sentimenta messiah anointed The one that Jews believe is to come. Nimrod City in Messopotamia. rabbi my teacher Sabbath rest "Sabatical" is from the same root. sapphire Precious stone. Satan The Devil.sodomy Named after its place of origin. HINDI is an Indo-European language spoken in Northern India- bandanna dyed cloth One of many cloth and clothing terms from Hindi. bangle Glass bracelets. basmati A type of rice. One of many food terms from Hindi. Blighty foreign UK soldiers' slang for the homeland. cheetah chintz Painted cotton cloth. dungaree A type of coarse cloth.goolies balls / bullets UK slang for "testicles". Himalaya abode of Mountain range in India, Nepal and Tibet. jodhpurs Riding breeches named after their town of origin. juggernaut UK word for a large lorry. From "Juganath", the name of an Indian god whose image gets carried around the town in a huge cart once a year. jungle Now used as another term for a thick forest. loot Stolen goods. mahout elephant driver punch five As in the drink - from the five ingredients used. pukka ripe Used in the UK to mean "good" or "right". sari The distinctive wrap-around cloth worn by many women in India. shampoo massage thug From a Hindu sect ("Thugees") that would kill people for the goddess, Kali. toddy drink made with alcoholic liquid and water

HUNGARIAN Uralic language spoken in Hungary and the region of Transylvania in Romania- coach Named after its town of origin. goulash herdsman's meat A type of stew. Hussar Light cavalry soldier. paprika A spice. sabre A type of sword. IBO is a Niger-Congo language spoken in Nigeria- okra A vegetable also known as "ladies' fingers".

ICELANDIC is an Indo-European language spoken in Iceland- eider A type of duck - its feathers are used for eiderdown. geyser fountain narwhal A type of walrus. saga heroic tale Viking frequenter of sea inlets

INUIT is an Eskimo-Aleut language spoken in Siberia and Alaska. It is the language of the Eskimos- anorak A warm coat. Used in UK for as slang for an obsessive person. husky A type of dog. igloo house Made from ice and snow. kayak boat

IROQUOIS is a language spoken in North America.Canada village / settlement North American country- Kentucky meadow land USA state. Ohio beautiful water USA state.

ITALIAN is an Indo-European language spoken in Italy and Switzerland- a cappella Singing without music. One of many musical terms from Italian. alarm call to arms One of many military terms from Italian. allegro lively, gay Musical term: in brisk time. America Continent named after an Italian map maker. aria Musical term: a long accompanied song for one voice. attack act against with sudden force balcony One of many architectural terms from Italian. ballot From the balls used for voting. bandit robber, outlaw bank money lenders' table bankrupt broken money lenders' table The table would be broken if the money lender was unable to trade. broccoli A vegetable. One of many food terms from Italian. buffoon clown canon large tube canteen container of water casino amusement or gambling hall colonel Military rank. concerto Musical term: music for a single instrument accompanied by orchestra. confetti little sweets Thrown at a newly married couple. corridor passageway crescendo grow Musical term: gradual increase in loudness. desk table ditto said dome hemispher roof escort accompanying person fascist bundle From symbol of Roman imperial power. fiasco complete and ignominous failure fresco Method of painting. gazette Venetian small coin From the cost of news sheet. ghetto From the name of Jewish area in 15th century Venice gondola Originally a cabin on airship. graffiti markings written on public walls gusto keen enjoyment incognito with one's identity hidden inferno place of intense heat influenza illness. lava molten rock from volcano libretto little book Musical term: text of an opera. lido A bathing place near Venice now a generic term for swimming pools in the UK. macaroni A type of pasta. madrigal Musical term: short song for several voices. maestro master, master of music Mafia illegal organization malaria bad air, used to be thought that malaria was caused by stale air. manager person who takes care of somthing mandolin A stringed musical instrument mezzanine middle Middle level floor in a buildingMorocco from Marrakesh North African countrymotto saying moustache hair between nose and mouth nepotism nephew Giving jobs to relatives opera works Plural of "opus" (work) parasol for sun partisan adherentgorilla pasta paste From the dried flour paste used in cooking piano from "pianoforte" - soft loud Musical instrument. pizza baked, open-faced pie with cheese, tomato sauce, etc. porcelain glassy ceramic ware portfolio portable case for papers prima donna first lady propaganda Originally religious term quartet Musical term: for four voices, instruments regatta boat race semolina little bran Grains left after the milling of flour. solo Single performer. sonata Composition for a single instrument soprano highest female voicestaccato detach Musical term: play in an abrupt manner. stiletto little dagger Originally a dagger, then the heel of a female's show stucco plaster for exteriors studio place to record music spaghetti little strings type of pasta tarantula Named after area where found in Italy tempo Musical term time. torso trunk trio Musical term: for three voices or instruments. umbrella little shadow vendetta long, fued vermicelli little worms A type of pasta viola Musical term; stringed instrumentviolin Musical term; stringed instrument virtuoso person of special skill (esp. music) volcano vent from earth in which lava, steam and expelled

JAPANESE is an Altaic language spoken in Japan- geisha Hostess, entertainer, or prostitute hara-kiri belly cutting, method of committing suicide. One of many such terms from Japanese. judo gentle way A martial art. One of many such terms from Japanese. ju-jitsu gentle science A type of unarmed combat. kamikaze divine wind World War II pilots who crashed planes laden with explosives karate empty hand A type of unarmed combat. kendo sword way Combat with a sword.; kimono, ninja Japanese warrior origami Japanese art of folding paper into intricate designs rickshaw man power vehicle sake rice wine samurai Japanese military officersatsuma A type of orange named after a province in Japan. shogun great general Japanese heredetary officer. soy A bean used as a meat substitute. sushi A meal of raw fish. tatami A mat for sleeping on. tsunami harbour wave Also known incorrectly as a "tidal wave". tycoon great lord Wealthy businessman.

musical words from Kongo. canary A yellow and green bird. One of several animal words from Kongofunky positive sweat mojo soul Used in USA slang for "magic"zebra striped horse-like animal. In UK also a striped pedestrian crossing zombie The name of a snake god.

KOREAN is an Altaic language spoken in Korea- tae kwon do A martial art.

LATIN extinct language of the Roman Empire. It is an Indo-European language- advert One of many business, commercial words from Latin agenda agitator One of many political words from Latin. album collection of recordings, blank space for collection of stamps, photos alias One of several policing words from Latin alibi elsewhere animal living thing that, not a plant apex One of many mathematical words from Latin. aquarium man-made place for living fish Aquarius water bearer One of many Zodiac signs from Latin arbiter Mant Latin positions end in -ER or -OR arena sand An area of sand where theatre and combat took place. Aries ram Zodiac sign. August Named from Augustus Caesar. One of several months from Latinautumn the fall season axis where two points intersect Britain Island off the European coast. calendar proclamation Dates were proclamed by the priests Cancer crab Zodiac sign disease Capricornus horned goat Zodiac sign. captor person who captures, person who takes another cardinal main cheif, used to express main place circus show with animals, acrobats, etc. creator person who causes something to exist creditor person owed curator manager of museum curriculum Words ending in -UM in Latin make plurals with -A cursor movable symbol on computer screen to indicate where information goes Cyprus copper Island in Mediterranian. The root word is "Cuprum"data Plural of "datum" discus disk for throwing in athletic competition doctor medical worker December tenth month educator providor of knowledge and instruction equinox equal night February From Roman winter festival. focus central point forum assembly for public discussion France European country name of a tribe fungus Many Latin words ending in -US form their plural with -IGemini twins Zodiac sign. genius One of several biological words from Latin. Germany European country named after a tribe. Greece European country. habitat natural dwelling igneous produced by great heat ignoramus we do not know inch English unit of measurement 2.54 cm index list with page references inertia One of several physics words from Latin. inferior less good or important innuendo subtly suggesting something interior, inland joke word play July Month named after Julius Caesar. June Month named after Juno. junior youngster, less young Jupiter "Zeu-Pater", Father Zeus Fifth planet. One of several planets from Latin. Leo lion Zodiac sign. liberator one who sets free Libra balance Zodiac sign. London City in England. March from Mars Third month. Mars Fourth planet. matrixMany Latin words ending in -IX or -EX make their plurals with -ES or -CES. maximum greatest degree or quantity May Fifth month. medium The plural is "media". memorandum Often shortened to "memo". Mercury First planet. liquid metal. merit excellence or good quality mile thousand (paces) Unit of length (= 1.609 km). minimum least possible quantity, degree, etc. miracle wonder momentum force of moving body monitor pupil who assists teacher, television or computer screen moratorium delay motor small and powerful engine nebula cloud Used for a cloud of interstellar gas. nectar sweet secretion of flowers Neptune Eighth planet. nimbus rain A type of cloud. November ninth month nubile take a husband nucleus central part obese very fat occult hidden October eighth month omen sign indicative of future onus burden orbit path of planet around another body pantomime expression by mute gestures parent father or mother pastor ministor peninsula peice of land nearly surrounded by water picture painting or photograph pirate thief of the seas Pisces fish Zodiac sign. premium great value, bonus, periodic insurance payment prohibit forbid, prevent pronoun word used as substitute for noun quadrant arc of 90 degrees, instrument for measuring altitute quarantine forty days quota proportional share due rabid to be mad radius straight line from center of circle to circumference recipe receive referendum submission of popular vote of law passed by legistlature refrigerate cause to become cold reign have soveign power or title relegate send into exile religion particular system of religious belief republic state governed by representatives elected by citizens respect reference, esteem rostrum speakers' platform rota wheel rude rough saliva fluid secreted into mouth by glands Sagittarius archer Zodiac sign. salubrious health sandal shoe consisting of sole and straps sartorial patched satellite attendant scale ladder Scorpio scorpion star sign segment part senior older, of higher rank September seventh month series things in succession silence no sound sinister left The left hand was considered evil. Spain the Roman name of the region species class of related individuals spectator observer spectrum band of colors that is displayed when light is dispersed, range stadium building for outside competitions and performances stet let it stand Printing sign to ignore deletions. stimulus something that stimulates street paved road study effort to learn stupid dumb, not smart suburb below the city superior better than table plank tacit silent tandem holding or consisting of two tavern saloon, inn terminus end of line for buses and trains torpedo stiff transport carry across triangle figure with three straight sides and three angles trident three teeth ulterior not acknowledged, concealed uniform exactly alike, consistent, exact clothing for specific group vacuum machine that sucks up dust valour worth The same root as "value". vehicle machine that transports peoplo and objects ventriloquist belly speak Venus Second planet. versus towards veto forbid via road victim object of damage victor person who wins war or competition villa luxerious country residence violator person who brakes law or rule Virgo virgin Zodiac sign. virile from "vir", man