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400s
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300s
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Ancient - 500A 200s Future
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100s
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Libya 500s - 260 300
 
 
Alexandrian Library 284 - 48 236
 
346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360
360 Priests of Sais Egypt 11,990 - 3 11,987
328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342
342 Kings of Memphis 9420 - 3 9417
Dar Xer Arta Dar 2
27 525 - 404 121
A
28 6
N1
p
H
n2
29 98 - 18
Nect 1
t
Nect 2
30th 80 - 43 37
A a D
31 - 32 11
Late Egypt 664 - 332 332
R
Phase 1 1070 - 315 755 Phase 2 315 - 270 45 Phase 3 270 BC - 350 AD 620
Kush 1070 BC - 350 AD 1420
400s
300s
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Kingdom of Mauretania
110 - 40
70
@ ?
- Berber
111 - 80 31 Bocchus 1
Kingdom of Mauretania
110 - 40
70
@ ?
- Berber
111 - 80 31 Bocchus 1
50 - 31 19 Bocchus 2
25 BC - 23 AD 48 Juba 2 (formerly King of Numidia)
000s Chellah africa Morroco
400s
300s
200s
100s
000s
   
Kingdom of Numidia
202 - 46
152
@ Cirta
- Berber
203 Battle of Cirta
Kingdom of Numidia
202 - 46
152
@ Cirta
- Berber
108 Battle of Muthul River
Kingdom of Numidia
202 - 46
152
@ Cirta
- Berber
Roman Province of Africa Nova
46 BC - 297 AD
343
@ Cirta
400s
300s
200s
100s
000s
Kingdom of Carthage
814 - 480
334
510 - 480 30 Hamilcar 1 After him king lost most of his power to an aristocratic Council of Elders. In 308 BC, Bomilcar attempted a coup to restore monarch to full power, but failed, which led to Carthage becoming in name as well as in fact a republic.
480 - 40 40 Hanno 2
460 - 10 50 Himilco 1 (in Sicily)
440 - 06 34 Hannibal 1
406 - 396 10 Himilco 2
Republic of Carthage
480 - 146
334
Republic of Carthage
480 - 146
334
Republic of Carthage
480 - 146
334
Punic Wars 1 & 2
246 - 241 & 218 - 202
- Hannibal 1960
-
Scipio Africanus: Defeat of Hannibal 1939
- Cabiria 1910
221 Hannibal of Carthage defeated Romans
220 - 183 37 Hannibal reigned Carthage
255 Battle of Bagradas River
255 Battle of Adys
255 Battle of Tunis
240 Battle of Utica
238 Battle of Saw
203 Battle of Utica
203 Battle of Great Plains
202 Battle of Zama
Roman Province of Africa
146 BC - 439 AD
585
@ Zama Regia, then Carthage
Roman Province of Africa
146 BC - 439 AD
585
@ Zama Regia, then Carthage
49 Battle of Utica
49 Battle of Bagradas River
46 Battle of Ruspina
46 Battle of Thapsus
46 Mactaris Amphitheater Tunisia
27 Thuburbo Maius Amphitheater Tunisia
400s
300s
200s
100s
000s
     
146 Leptis Magna Amphitheater Libya
74 Cyrene Amphitheater Lybia
400s
300s
200s
100s
000s
Egyptian Province of  Achaemenid Empire
525 - 404 121
@ Babylon
521 - 486 35 Darius 1 Great Stutre
486 Egypt revolts against Persian rule.
486 - 65 21 Xerxes 1 Great
484 Persians regain control of Egypt.
465 - 4 1 Artabanus Hyrcanian
464 Assassinated Xerxes I, later killed by Artaxerxes I
465 - 24 41 Artaxerxes 1
450 Herodotus Visits Egypt
425 - 4 1 Xerxes 2 Claimant
424 - 3 1 Sogdianus Claimant
424 - 04 20 Darius 2
400s - 300s battle games petteia & seega; possible
404 Egypt rebels against Persian rule.
Egypt
404 - 343 61
28 404 - 398 6
@ Sais
404 - 398 6 Amyrtaeus Descendant of Saite pharaohs of Twenty-sixth Dynasty; led a successful revolt against Persians precursors to Chess. Egypt is independent for 61 years w/ 3 dynasties.
Egypt
525 - 404 121
398 Nefaarud 1 Defeated Amyrtaeus in open battle & had him executed
29 398 - 80 18
@ Mendes
398 - 3 5 Nefaarud 1
393 Psammuthes
393 Overthrown by Hakor.
393 - 80 7 Hakor
380 Nefaarud 2 ^
380 deposed & killed by Nectanebo I after ruling for only 4 months.
30 380 - 43 37
@ Sebennytos
380 - 62 18 Nectanebo 1 Kheperkare ^ military official named Teos
380 moved capital of Egypt from Mendes to Sebennytos
370s  Temple of Isis at Philae
370s Restored monuments
362 - 60 2 Teos Irmaatenre
 raised taxes to fund a military campaign to conquer Achaemenid Syria & Palestine, including the satrapies of Eber-Nari and Phoenicia. The king's brother, Tjahapimu, took advantage of this to install his own son, Nectanebo II, on throne.
360 - 43 17 Nectanebo 2 Senedjemibra Setenpeninhur
building & repairing monuments 
forged alliances with Greek poleis, & boosted economy
343 End of hegemony. Last native ruler of ancient Egypt,
2nd Egyptian Satrapy of  Achaemenid Empire
343 - 332 11
31 343 - 332 11
@ Babylon
343 - 38 5 Artaxerxes 3 Egypt came under Persian rule for second time
338 - 6 2 Artaxerxes 4 Arses Only reigned in Lower Egypt
338 - 5 3 Khabbabash Leader of a Nubian revolt in Upper Egypt
336 - 2 4 Darius 3
335 Upper Egypt returned to Persian control
332 Alexandria, in Egypt, walls of which were six miles in circumference was built by Alexander Great. It became residence of Ptolemies, Greek sovereigns of Egypt.
Alexandrian Egypt
332 - 05 27
@ Alexandria
332 - 323 Alexander 3 Great
323 Alexander died in Babylon at 32. His general, Ptolemy, took possession of Egypt.
323 - 17 6 Philip of Macedon
322 Alexander buried in Alexandria.
Ptolemaic
305 - 30 275
Ptolemaic
305 - 30
275
305 - 282 23 Ptolemy 1 = 1 ThaïsArtakamaEurydice Berenice I
300 Famagusta founded Cyprian port city
380-362 Philae
Ptolemaic
305 - 30 275
200s History of Egypt by Manetho
285 - 46 39 Ptolemy 2 Philadelphos =   1 Arsinoe I 2 Arsinoe II
267 - 59 8 Ptolemy Epigonos
365 - 275 90 Euclid of Alexandria Geometer
284 - 48 236 Alexandrian Library 700,000 volumes
280 - 47 33 Pharos of Alexandria, 7th wonder of world 550 feet high
250s Ptolemy finally brings rebellious region of Cyrene under his control. He places region under rule of his stepson Magas.
246 - 21 25 Euergetes 1 = Berenice 2
221 - 03 18 Ptolemy 4 Philopator  = Arsinoe 3
203 - 181 22 Ptolemy V Epiphanes = Cleopatra 1 Syra
Ptolemaic
305 - 30 275
195 Rosetta stone created
193 - 76 17 Cleopatra 1
190 Greek Bible (Septuagint) translated at Alexandria, in Egypt by 70 Hebrew scholars. This translation was authorized by Sanhedrin in Jerusalem in order to give Jewish exiles a scripture in language of their exile.
181 - 64 17 Ptolemy 6 1stX Philometor  =   Cleopatra 2
163 - 45 18 Ptolemy 6 2ndX Philometor  = Cleopatra 2
152  Ptolemy Eupator 
170 - 63 5 Ptolemy 8 Physcon 1stX = 1 Cleopatra 2, 2 Cleopatra 3
 temporarily expelled from Alexandria by Cleopatra II from 131 - 127 4, then reconciled with her in 124 
145 - 16 29 Ptolemy 7 Physcon 2ndtX
131 - 27 4 Cleopatra 2  Philometora Soteira 
116 - 01 15 Cleopatra 3 Philometor Soteira Dikaiosyne Nikephoros (Kokke) 
116 - 7 9 Ptolemy 9 Lathyros 1stX  = 1 Cleopatra IV, 2 Cleopatra Selene
180 - 145 35 Kom Ombo Temple
107 - 88 29 Ptolemy 10 Alexander 1  = 1 Cleopatra Selene 2  Berenice 3
Ptolemaic
305 - 30 275
88 - 1 7 Soter 2 Ptolemy 9 Lathyros 2ndX
81 - 80 1 Berenice 3 Philopator 
80 Ptolemy 11 Alexander 2 = Berenice 3 X=
80 - 58 22 Ptolemy 12 Neos Dionysos (Auletes) 1stX =  Cleopatra 5 Tryphaena
58 - 55 3  Berenice 4 Epiphaneia 
58 - 7 2 Cleopatra 5 Tryphaena 
57 Edfu Temple
58 Cleopatra 6 Tryphaena 
55 - 51 4 Ptolemy 12 Neos Dionysos (Auletes) 2ndX =  Cleopatra 5 Tryphaena
51 - 47 4  Ptolemy 13 Theos Philopator
48 - 7 1 Arsinoe 4
47 Battle of Nile River
47 Siege of Alexadria
47 Fire destroys great library at Alexandria
47 - 44 3 Ptolemy 14 
51 - 30 19 Cleopatra 7 Philopator 
- Cleopatra 1934 
- Cleopatra 1963
- Cleopatra 1999 
- Caesar & Cleopatra 1946
- Antony & Cleopatra 1973
44 - 30 14 Ptolemy 15 Caesarion
31 Octavius, at Actium, defeated Cleopatra & Antony.
30 Battle of Alexandria
30 Egypt became Roman province
Roman Province of Egypt
30 BC - 619
649
@ Alexandria

400s
300s
200s
100s
000s
@ Kerma, Napata, Meroe, Sudan. #Egyptian phase 100K Meroite phase 1.15M
510 - 487 23 Amaniastabarqa Nuri 2
487 - 68 19 Siaspiqa Nuri 4 Queen Piankhqew-qa? (Nuri 28)
468 - 3 5 Nasakhma Nuri 8 Queen Saka'aye? (Nuri 31)
463 - 35 28 Malewiebamani Nuri 11
435 - 1 4 Talakhamani Nuri 16
431 - 05 26 Amanineteyerike Nuri 12 Queen Atasamale?
405 - 4 1 Baskakeren Nuri 17
404 - 369 75 Harsiotef Nuri 13 Queen Batahaliye
Queen Pelkha?
369 - 50 19 (unknown Qore) Kurru 1
350 - 35 15 Akhraten Nuri 14
320s Amanibakhi
335 - 15 20 Nastasen Nuri 15 Sakhmakh
Phase 2 315 - 270 45
315 - 290 25 Aktisanes Barkal 11 or 14 Kandake Alakhebasken
290 - 85 5 Aryamani Barkal 11 or 14
285 - 80 5 Kash(...) Barkal ?
280 - 75 5 Piankhi-yerike-qa ?
275 - 70 5 Sabrakamani Barkal ?
Phase 3 270 BC - 350 AD 620
270 - 60 10 Arakamani (Arkamani-qo, Ergamenês)
260 - 50 10 Amanislo
250 - 30 20 Aman-tekha
230 - 20 10 Sheshep-ankh-en-Amun Setepenre
220 - 200 20 Arnekhamani
200 - 190 20 Arqamani
190 - 70 10 Adikhalamani
170 - 50 20 Mr T
150 - 30 20 ?
130 - 10 20 Queen Shanakdakhete
110 - 100 10 Tanyidamani
100 - 90 10 Naqyrinsan
80 - 60 20 ?
60 - 29 31 ?
29 - 5 4 Aqrakamani & Teriteqas
25 - 10s 10? Queen Amanirenas
10s Queen Amanishakheto