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500s
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600s
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Ancient - 500A 700s Future
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800s
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900s
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Kievan Rus 862 - 1349 489
 
 
 
Bulgarian Empire 681 - 1018 337
 
 
Khazar Khaganate 600s - 900s 300
 
Lori
500s
600s
700s
800s
900s
C Africa
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S Africa
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Tribe of Poland
550 -748 198
Lechites Tribe 550 - 748 198
550 - 83 33 Lech 1
700 - 12 12 Krakus 1
712 - 24 12 Krakus 2
724 - 36 12 Lech 2
736 - 48 12 Wanda
Tribe of Poland
550 -748 198
Tribe of Poland
550 -748 198
700 - 12 12 Krakus 1
712 - 24 12 Krakus 2
724 - 36 12 Lech 2
736 - 48 12 Wanda
Duchy of Poland
748 - 1025 277
Legendary 748 - 850 102
Goplans & Polans Tribes
748 - 60 12
748 - 60 12 Leszko 1
Popielids 760 - 825 65
760 - 72 12 Leszko 2
772 - 84 12 Leszko 3
784 - 800 16 Popiel 1
Duchy of Poland
748 - 1025 277
800 - 25 25 Popiel 2
Piast 825 - 1291 466
825 - 50 25 Piast Wheelwright
Semi-legendary 850 - 966 116
850 - 75 25 Siemowit
875 - 920 45 Lestek
Duchy of Poland
748 - 1025 277
920 - 60 40 Siemomysł
Historic 966 - 1569 603
960 - 92 32 Mieszko 1 of Poland
992 - 1025 33 Bolesław 1 Brave
Tribe of Czech
550 -
550 - 83 33 Czech
     
Principality of Poland
987 - 1397
600
Polotsk
Old East Slavic
Eastern Orthodox Church
977 fl. Ragnvald Olafsson
Polotsk Rurikids
987 - 1068
81
987 - 1001 14 Iziaslav Vladimirovich
950 - 1000 1772 St. Peter & St. Paul Archcathedral Basilica Poznań
966 Mieszko 1, first duke of Poland, baptised a Christian in
972 Battle of Cedynia
992 Poland became a kingdom.
900s Mound at Giecz
500s
600s
700s
800s
900s
 
631 Battle of Wogastisburg
 
804 Battle of Krasos
Kingdom of Great Moravia
833 - 902
69
@ Velehrad, Czech Republic.
Slavic
Slavic religion, Christianity, Pagan
833 - 46 13 Mojmir 1 Deposed by Franks
846 - 70 24 Rastislav ^< Deposed by Franks
800s - 1700s 900 Bratislava Castle
870 - 94 24 ^< Svatopluk 1
870 - 1770s 900 Prague Castle
870 Prague Castle founded
894 - 906 12 ^ Mojmír 2 & Svatopluk 2

Kingdom of Great Moravia
833 - 902
69
894 - 906 12 ^ Mojmír 2 & Svatopluk 2

970 Kraków Castle
500s
600s
700s
800s
900s
     
Moravian principality & Principality of Nitra arise in central Europe (see Great Moravia)
864 - 1400s 550 Devín Castle Built
907 Battle of Poznosy
500s
600s
700s
800s
900s
     
Principality of Lower Pannonia
800s
Blatnograd
800 2nd Siege of Avar Hring
800s Magyars begin their conquest of Pannonia (roughly modern day Hungary, a process that will take several decades to be completed.
895 Magyars arrival in Pannonia
895 - 907 12 Árpád

900s Incursions of Magyar (Hungarian) cavalry throughout Western Europe (47 expeditions in Germany, Italy & France, 899970)
895 - 907 12 Árpád
907 - 47 40 Zoltán
947 - 955 8 Fajsz
955 - 72 17 Taksony
972 - 97 25 Géza (940 - 97 57)
996 1996 Pannonhalma Archabbey
997 - 1000 3 Stephen
500s
600s
700s
800s
900s
       
Principality of Polotsk
945 - 1307 362
?
945 - 78 33
945 - 78 33 Rogvolod (Ragnvald Olafsson) (920 78 58)
Polotsk Rurikids 1
987 - 1068
81
987 - 1001 14 Iziaslav Vladimirovich
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600s
700s
800s
900s
Rulers of Kiev & Kievan Rus (c. 375/800 - 1240/1362) Legendary & historical rulers of Kiev
Bozh (Bož, Boz, Booz, Box), a king of Antes, east Slavic people.
378 - 90 12 Alypbi (Baltazár), son of Balambér aka Bülümer, a khan of Western Huns who was buried on Kuyantau mountain (current Kiev)
Rulers of Kiev & Kievan Rus (c. 375/800 - 1240/1362) Legendary & historical rulers of Kiev
482 5th–6th c. Kyi, a legendary founder of Kiev, a Slavic prince of Kuyavia, most likely eastern Polans
550s Mangup Castle

 



617 - 30 13 Organa
Gostun
(2 years)
632 - 60 28 Kubrat extended dominion of Great Bulgarian Onoguria into Pannonia placing PseudoAvars under Kuber in Sirmium.
Batbayan of Bulgaria ruled two years before being challenged & forced south by his brother Kotrag who ensured Khazar rule over a loose confederation of tribal citystates from Kiev in West to Bolghar in Northeast & Caspian Gates in Southeast.
Rulers of Kiev & Kievan Rus (c. 375/800 - 1240/1362) Legendary & historical rulers of Kiev
700s Oleg (Oldegar), probably of Danish or Swedish origin, an apocryphal Kiev voivode, under overlordship of Khazar Khaganate
790 810 20 Bravlin, probably of Swedish origin a Varangian voivode in Rus Khaganate
Polity of Kievan Rus
882 - 1240
358
Kiev
Old East Slavic
Slavic Paganism, Orthodox Christianity
Rurik
882 - 1240
358
862 79 17 Vadim Bold, a legendary chieftain of Ilmen Slavs, who led their struggle against Varangians & Rurik in 9th century 859 62, 867 (second time), 870 (third time)
Rurik, a Varangian chieftain, who was of FinnoUgrian origin (haplogroup)
879 - 912 33 Oleg Seer of Novgorod
Rulers of Kiev & Kievan Rus (c. 375/800 - 1240/1362) Legendary & historical rulers of Kiev
842 - 82 40 Askold (Höskuld) & Dir (Dyr) probably of Swedish origin, Varangian konungs, not Rurikids, were rulers (khagans) of Kiev, not Kievan Rus
Pagan rulers of Kievan Rus Rurikids were descendants of Rurik, a Varangian pagan konung or chieftain, who was of FinnoUgrian origin (haplogroup N1c1).
882 - 912 30 Oleh Seer (Helgi), Varangian konung of Holmgård (Novgorod) & Kønugård (Kiev)
864 - 79 15 (reign) Rurik
Polity of Kievan Rus
882 - 1240
358
879 - 912 33 Oleg Seer of Novgorod
912 - 45 33 Igor 1 of Kiev ("Ingvar Old"),
922 IbnFadlan, an Arab ambassador to Scandinavian Rus along Volga, writes his account of their customs, including a full description of a ship/cremation funeral.
945 - 62 17 Olga (Helga) Regent
962 - 72 10 Sviatoslav 1 of Kiev ("Sven Warlike")
965 Khazar kingdom is attacked & defeated by Kievan Rus
972 - 80 8 Yaropolk 1
980 - 1015 35 Vladimir 1 Great. 1st Christian ruler.
988 Vladimir 1, Prince of Kievan Rus, baptised a Christian in
912 - 45 23 Igor (Ingvar), son of Rurik
945 - 62 17 Olga (Helga) (regent), was baptized by Emperor Constantine VII but failed to bring Christianity to Kiev X969
962 - 72 10 Sviatoslav 1 (Sven), first true ruler of Rus who destroyed Khazar Khaganate & united all of Rus principalities under Kiev throne 942 - 72 30
972 - 80 8 Yaropolk 1 (Jaropolk), supposedly was baptised into Catholicism, & then was murdered by two Varangians 958 (960?)980 Christian rulers of Kievan Rus
980 - 1015 35 Volodymyr Great (Valdamarr), son of Sviatoslav 1 & Malusha, his early rule is characterized by a staunch pagan reaction but in 988 he was baptized into Orthodoxy & successfully converted Kievan Rus to Christianity 958 - 1015
900s Swedish influence extends to Black Sea
 
Old Great Bulgaria
632 - 68
46
632 - 65 33 Phanagoria
Bulgar
Tengrism
632 65 33 Kubrat
665 8 3 Batbayan
668 Conquered by Khazars
Khazar Khaganate
740 - 965
125
"Rus Khaganate" controlled much of what is today southern & eastern Ukraine until 10th century.
740 Bulan Sabriel
786 809 23 Obadiah
Khazar Khaganate
740 - 965
125
Hezekiah ben Obadiah
Manasseh 1 ben Hezekiah
Hanukkah ben Obadiah
Isaac ben Hanukkah
Zebulun ben Isaac
Manasseh 2 ben Zebulun
Nisi ben Manasseh
Khazar Khaganate
740 - 965
125
900 Aaron 1 ben Nisi
910 Menahem ben Aaron
920 Benjamin ben Menahem
920 - 40 20 Aaron 2 ben Benjamin
940 - 65 25 Joseph ben Aaron
965 Conquered by Kievan Rus
         
500s
600s
700s
800s
900s
525 Dionysius Exiguus Romania creates Anno Domini system, inspired by birth of Jesus, in. This is system upon which Gregorian calendar & Common Era systems are based.
680 Battle of Ongal
     
500s
600s
700s
800s
900s
 
600s Bulgars arrive in Balkans; establishment of powerful Bulgarian Empire.
1st Bulgarian Empire
680 - 1018
338
680 - 893 213 Pliska
681 Pliska Castle
680 - 893 213 Preslav
680 - 893 213 Bulgar, South Slavic languages alongside with Byzantine Greek
893 - 1018 25 Old Bulgarian
680 Battle of Ongal creates Empire
Dulo
681 - 753 72
681 - 700 19 Asparukh ^ Khan Kubrat of Old Great Bulgaria in Ukraine.
700 mi Battle of Khazars Khan Kubrat dies.
700 - 21 21 Tervel
705 Tervel recieves title Caesar
717 - 8 1 Seige of Constantinople Tervel recieves title "Savior of Europe".
721 - 38 17 Kormesiy
738 - 53 15 Sevar
Vokil clan
753 - 62
9
753 - 6 3 Kormisosh deposed
756 - 62 6 Vinekh Murdered
Ugain Clan
762 - 5 3
762 - 5 3 Telets Murdered
Nondynastic
765 - 6
1
765 - 6 1 Sabin. Possible Slavic. Deposed & fled to Byzantine empire.
Vokil clan
766
766 Umor. Ruled 40 days. Deposed & fled to Byzantine Empire
Nondynastic
766 - 803
37
766 - 7 1 Toktu. Killed in forests of Danude by opposition.
767 - 8 1 Pagan. Murdered by his servants in region of Varna
768 - 77 9 Telerig. Fled to Constantinople in 777 & baptised
777 - 803 26 Kardam. End of internal crisis. Stabilization & consolidation of country
Krum/Dulo
803 - 977
174
803 - 14 11 Krum
811 Battle of Pliska
814 - 31 17 Omurtag. Known for his construction policy, administrative reform & persecution of Christians
831 - 6 5 Malamir ^
836 - 52 16 Presian 1 Almost whole of Macedonia was included in Bulgaria
852 - 89 37 Boris 1 Christianization of Bulgaria; adoption of Old Bulgarian as official language of State & Church; recognition of an autocephalous Bulgarian Church. Abdicated.
889 - 93 4 Vladimir ^ Tried to restore Tengriism. Deposed & blinded by his father
893 - 927 35 Simeon 1 < prepared for a cleric but enthroned during Council of Preslav. Bulgaria reached its apogee & greatest territorial extend. Golden age of Bulgarian culture
927 - 69 42 Peter 1 ^ Abdicated & died a monk. Proclaimed a saint.
970 - 71 1^ Dethroned by Byzantines Boris 2. Accidentally killed by Bulgarian border guards in 977 when he tried to return to country
977 - 91 14 Roman < Castrated by Byzantines but escaped to Bulgaria in 977. Captured in battle by Byzantines in 991 & died in prison in Constantinople in 997
Cometopuli
997 - 1018
21
997 - 1014 17 Samuel
1014 - 5 1 Gavril Radomir ^ Murdered by his cousin Ivan Vladislav
1015 - 8 3 Ivan Vladislav <<
1018 Siege of Drach. Ivan dies. Bulgaria annexed by Byzantine Empire.
AsparuhKhan of Bulgars & founder of contemporary Bulgaria
680 Battle of Karbala took place near Kufa which led to killing of Husayn ibn Ali & division of Muslim community. Bulgars subjugate country of currentday Bulgaria.
700 - 21 21 Tervel, Khan of Bulgaria
792 mi Battle of Marcelae. Bulgarian victory over Byzantines marks end of halfcentury political instability in Bulgaria.
705 Justinian 2 is forced to give title Caesar of Byzantium to Bulgarian Emperor Tervel. Byzantine Empire begins to pay annual tributes to Bulgaria.
708 - 711 3 mi Bulgarians defeat Justinian 2 at battle of Anchiallus. Arab armies occupied Sindh.
705 Arab armies occupied Sindh.
811 Battle of Pliska fought between a Byzantine force led by emperor Nicephorus I & a Bulgar army commanded by Khan Krum. Byzantines are defeated in a series of engagements, culminating with death of Nicephorus 1
830 - 910 80 Naum of Preslav
885 Arrival of disciples of SS. Cyril & Methodius, Clement of Ohrid & Naum of Preslav in Bulgaria. Development of Cyrillic Alphabet.
 
1st Bulgarian Empire
680 - 1018
338

893 - 972 79 Skopie
917 Battle of Achelous
971 Siege of Dorostolon
900s Baba Vida Castle
900s Ustra Castle
972 - 92 20 Ohrid
992 - 1018 26 Founded by Khan Asparukh. Under Tsar Simeon 1 became first powerful Slavic Empire. Falls to Byzantine Empire under Emperor Basil 2.
890s Bulgaria stretches from mouth of Danube to Epirus & Bosnia.
852 - 89 37 Boris 1 of Bulgaria
893 - 927 34 Simeon 1
Bulgars of First Bulgarian Empire subjugate Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium) & force it to pay annual tributes to Bulgaria. These same Bulgars use their innovative heavy calvalry divisions to save European Christian Civilization by defeating Arab invaders at battle of Constantinople. Bulgarian Emperor Tervel is declared Saviour of Europe.
803 - 14 11 Krum Khan of Bulgaria
893 - 927 34 Simeon Great, Emperor of Bulgaria
976 - 101438 Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria (lived 958 - 1014 76, reigned)
917 Battle of Anchialus Bulgarians destroyed Byzantine army in the, one of bloodiest battles in Middle Ages
927 official recognition of first independent national Church in Europe, Bulgarian Patriarchate
967 - 71 4 Sviatoslavs invasion of Bulgaria, war with Byzantium
500s
600s
700s
800s
900s
Khaganate of Khazaria
448 - 1048
300
Pontic steppe, North Caucassus Balanjar, later AtilFounded by Western Turks, members of royal family embraced Judaism.
576 Turks invade Caucasus & establish Khazar Khanate.
580s Hephthalites move west to Russian steppe to form Avar Khanate.
Khaganate of Khazaria
448 - 1048
300
650 Khazars defeat Alans & Bulgars, resulting in their domination of Caucasus & Volga region.
600 Smallpox spreads from India into Europe.
Khaganate of Khazaria
448 - 1048
300
723 Battle of Balanjar
Khaganate of Khazaria
448 - 1048
300
862 Ruric, a Varangian Chief established first government of Russia.
830s Sarkel Fortress
Khaganate of Khazaria
448 - 1048
300
900s Lions extinct in Europe Caucasus
986 Russians, in search of a religion, contact Muslim missionaries from Khwarezm, but decide not to adopt Islam.
988 conversion of Russians to Orthodox Christianity.
Patria Onoguria
463 - 681
218
@ Azov & spreading into Ukraine
503 - 20 17 Utigur
520 - 8 8 Grod alliance with Byzantium
528 - 30 2 Mugel breaks alliance with Byzantium
530 - 81 51 Sandilch
560s Move into Ukraine. Southeast supported by Byzantium against Khinialon & Sinnion in Southwest, then Zabergan while Sarosios assists arrangement between PseudoAvars in North & Justinian I. Then Kagan Bayan controls rest of Ukraine for most of 60s until Sarosios assists Gokturks petition of Justin II to support a "true" Avar candidate in Patria Onoguria against PseudoAvars.
581 - 600 19 Houdbaad
Patria Onoguria
463 - 681 218
@ Azov & spreading into Ukraine
600 - 17 17 ?
600 - 690 90 called Old Great Bulgaria.
617 - 30 13 Organa
627 Siege of Derbent
630 - 2 2 Gostun
632 - 60 28 Kubrat extended dominion of Great Bulgarian Onoguria into Pannonia placing PseudoAvars under Kuber in Sirmium.
650s Battle of Balanjar
657 Battle of Irtysh River
660 - 81 21 Batbayan of Bulgaria
662 Deposed & forced into Bulgaria by his brother Kotrag who ensured Khazar rule over a loose confederation of tribal citystates from Kiev in West to Bolghar in Northeast & Caspian Gates in Southeast.
     
Yenisei Kyrgyz
539 - 1219
680
No *
Yenisei Kyrgyz
539 - 1219
680
Yenisei Kyrgyz
539 - 1219
680
Yenisei Kyrgyz
539 - 1219
680
Yenisei Kyrgyz
539 - 1219
680
Tribe of Rus
550 -
550 - 83 33 Rus
Tribe of Rus
550 -
550 - 83 33 Rus
Rus Khaganate
750 - 850
100
Rus Khaganate
750 - 850
100
 
 
Volga Bulgarian Kingdom
600s - 1240s
640s
@ Bolghar, Bilär
Bulgar, Suar, Barsil, Bilar, Baranja
Tengriism later Islam
650s Kotrag
910s Almış
Volga Bulgarian Kingdom
600s - 1240s
640s
Volga Bulgarian Kingdom
600s - 1240s
640s
Volga Bulgarian
600s - 1240s
640s
     
1st Pskov Republic
862 - 1230s
370s
Pskov
1st Pskov Republic
862 - 1230s
370s
Pskov
500s
600s
Ancient - 500A 700s Future
800s
900s