Quaternary Period
2.588M - Present
Pleistocene Epoch
2.588 - 11,650 2,576,350
Chibanian Age
781,000 - 126,000 655,000
 600 - 370 230 Steppe mammoth, Mammuthus trogantherii, N Eurasia |
600 Mammoth enters Americas |
600 - 26 574 Panthera pardus spelaea, sometimes called the European Ice Age leopard |
600 - 0 African Golden Wolf Canis anthus, Canis lupaster, N & Horn Africa. 72% gray wolf, 28% Ethiopian wolf. |
600 - 400 200 Homo Heidelbergensis
1100 - 1400 CC cranium |
600 - 30 570 Neanderthal |
563 - 533 30 Marine Isotope Stage 14 |
600 - 0 African Golden Wolf Canis anthus, Canis lupaster N & Horn of Africa. 72% gray wolf & 28% Ehtiopian wolf.
Senegal Nigeria, Chad, Morocco, Ageria, Tunisia, Libuya & Egypt, Tanzania. |
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Quaternary Period
2.588M - Present
Pleistocene Epoch
2.588 - 11,650 2,576,350
Chibanian Age
781,000 - 126,000 655,000
533 - 478 55 Marine Isotope Stage 13 |
 _ Bears and seals 🐻/14 Eurasian brown bear Ursus sarctos arctos Eurasia 500,000 - Present Least concern.png) 500 - 0 Eurasian brown bear Ursus sarctos arctos Eurasia Least concern |
 _ Bears and seals 🐻/15 Grizzly bear Ursus arctos horribilis N America Present Least concern.png) 500 - 0
Grizzly bear Ursus arctos horribilis N America Least concern |
 _ Modern cats 🦁/4 Jaguar Panthera onca Central and South America 500,000 - Present Near threatened.png) 500 - 0 Jaguar Panthera onca Americas Near threatened |
 _ Deers, antelopes and goats 🦌🐂/6 Sinomegaceros Luochuanensis N China Pleistocene 500,000 .png) 500 Sinomegaceros Luochuanensis
Great horns N China |
500 - 0 European polecat. |
500 - 15 Naumann's elephant Palaeoloxodon naumanni, genus Palaeoloxodon S Japan Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. 2.5M/8.2' 3M/9.8' forest which mixed subarctic conifers & cool-temperate deciduous trees |
500 - 11 489 cave hyena Crocuta crocuta spelaea, Ice Age spotted hyena, paleosubspecies spotted hyena Iberian Peninsula to E Siberia. Many European bone caves. Specialized preyed on large mammals like wild horse, steppe bison, wolly rhinoceros. |
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Quaternary Period
2.588M - Present
Pleistocene Epoch
2.588 - 11,650 2,576,350
Chibanian Age
781,000 - 126,000 655,000
478 - 424 54 Marine Isotope Stage 12 |
450 - 40 Mammuthus lamarmorai species of mammoth island of Sardinia. shoulder height 1.4 m 550 kg. |
424 - 374 50 Marine Isotope Stage 11 |
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Quaternary Period
2.588M - Present
Pleistocene Epoch
2.588 - 11,650 2,576,350
Chibanian Age
781,000 - 126,000 655,000
400,000 Terra Amata France |
400,000 - 4,000 360,000 Woolly Mammoth Siberia & Alaska M. primigenius developed E Asia, w/ some surviving on Russia's Wrangel Island in Arctic Ocean until as recently as roughly 3,700 - 4,000 |
374 - 337 47 Marine Isotope Stage 10 |
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Quaternary Period
2.588M - Present
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